Name

Hydration_10_CEM-I

Description

Hydration of OPC CEM-I with modified Parot-Killoch equations

Template definition file

Hydration_10_CEM-I.xml

 


Scope

The template facilitates reaction path modelling of blended cement types where parametric studies on the numerical variables in the Cement Recipe of the template can be performed. A basic use is e.g. to simulate blending of OPC with one or more SCMs as illustrated in the tutorial Blending OPC and GBFS along a reaction path. However, many other reaction path models are possible including temperature, reacted amount, amongst others. Calculation of ternary diagrams for e.g. ternary cement systems starts also from this template (e.g., tutorial Blending of OPC with GFBS and SF in variable amounts(ternary)).

Implementation

Tables with Global Variables

Data blocks

OPC

Chemical composition (oxides) of Ordinary Portland Cement

GBFS

Chemical composition (oxides) of granulated blast furnace slag

SF

Chemical composition (oxides) of silica fume

FA

Chemical composition (oxides) of fly-ash

LS

Chemical composition (oxides) of limestone

MK

Chemical composition (oxides) of metakaolin


Intermediate Input files

x, y indicate integers (Default: 1001)

CementModelx._in

This file contains the PHREEQC commands for the cement model. 

CementReactionx._in

This file contains the Reaction command with the amounts of the different oxides. Note that during the reaction path calculation, this file is re-written at each step. 

Cementx_y.in

This file contains a series of PHREEQC commands to calculate the equlibrated phases and solution taken input from entities with numbers x and saving a solution, equilibrium_phases and solid_solution entitiy with numbers y.

Output files


Cement_Hydration_x.out

Description: Text file containing the cement recipe, reaction details and reaction products. x is an integer (default: 1001).

This file gives information for the initial values in the table, i.e. before the reaction path calculation.

Content: See Hydrates_00_General


CementHydrationResults.out

Description: Tab-delimited data file containing geochemical information of each step in the reaction paht (including cement recipe and details, hydration products, concentrations, etc.)

Content: Columns

Amount

Input - Amount of cement (g). From  Cement::Recipe::Amount in in Recipe

OPC 

Input - Weight percentage of OPC in cement mixture (%). From Cement::Clinker::Amount in  in OPC Clinker

GBFS

Input - Weight percentage of GBFS in cement mixture (%). From GBFS::Amount in  GBFS::Amount

SF

Input - Weight percentage of SF in cement mixture (%). From SF::Amount in  SF

FA

Input - Weight percentage of FA in cement mixture (%). From SF::Amount in  FA

LS

Input - Weight percentage of FA in cement mixture (%). From LS::Amount in  LS

MK

Input - Weight percentage of MK in cement mixture (%). From  MK::Amount in MK

wc

Input - Water to binder ratio. From Cement::Recipe::w_c in Recipe

CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, SO3, MgO, CO2, Na2O, K2O, Cl_t, ...

Calculated total amount of reactive oxides (mole). Only the oxides relevant to the selected model system are printed (Cement::Model::System$ in Cement System.

Lead

Value corresponding to the variable defined as a lead of the reaction path (Cement::Figures::Lead$ in Figures - General)

water

Free water after hydration (L)

T

Input - Temperature (°C).  From Cement::Recipe::T  in Recipe

mu

Ionic strength

Ca, Si, Al, Fe, S, Mg, C, Na, K, Cl, ...

Aqueous concentrations of elements (M). Only the elements relevant to the selected model system  are printed (Cement::Model::System$ in Cement System.

Pure_phases

Amount of pure phases (mole). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Moles in Output - Values is selected. 

End_members

Amount of the end members in solid-solutions (mole). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Moles in Output - Values is selected. 

Solid_Solutions

Amount of the solid*solutions (mole). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Moles in Output - Values is selected. 

vPure_phase

Volume of pure phases (cm³). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Volumes in Output - Values is selected.

vEnd_members

Volume of the end members in solid-solutions (cm³). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Volumes in Output - Values is selected.

vSolid_Solutions

Volume of the solid-solutions (cm³). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Volumes in Output - Values is selected.

wPure_phase

Weight of pure phases (g). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Weights in Output - Values is selected.

wEnd_members

Weight of end members in solid-solutions (g). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Weights in Output - Values is selected.

wSolid_Solutions

Weight of solid-solutions (g). Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::Weights in Output - Values is selected.

siPure_phase

Saturation index of pure phases.  Printed when Cement::Output::Hydrates::SaturationIndex in Output - Values is selected.

CSH_Ca

Total Ca in C-S-H (mole).

CSH_Si

Total Si in C-S-H (mole).

GelPores

Volume of gel pores (cm³) calculated according the selected C-S-H model. See  - Porosity of gel pores.

AggVol

Volume of the aggregates (cm³).

IniCemVol

Volume of the dry cement prior to hydration (cm³) calculated using the amounts of OPC and SCM and their bulk densities (bulk densities are defined in the corresponding data blocks, e.g. in OPC)

CemVol

Volume of the unhydrated OPC clinkers and SCMs (cm³).

HydratesVol

Volume of the hydrates (cm³)

ChemShrink

Volume of chemical shrinkage (cm³) calculated according to See Chemical Shrinkage.

Graphs

Graphs are generated if Cement::Figures in Figures - General is checked. 

name

Description

Template specific variants

pH

pH as a function of hydration time. Created if 


Elements - moles

Aqueous concentration of elements in M as a function of the lead variable.

Y-axis - variant in mmol/l

Elements - mg

Aqueous concentration of elements in mg/L as a function of the lead variable.

Y-axis - variant in g/l

SolidsMoles

Amount of solid phases in mole as a function of the lead variable.

Y-axis - Normalized to 100 g binder

SolidsGrams

Weight of solid phases in grams as a function of the lead variable

Y-axis - Normalized to 100 g binder

SolidsVolumes

Volume of solid phases in cm³ as a function of  the lead variable

Y-axis - Normalized to 100 g binder

Y-axis - Expressed as volume fraction

Y-axis - Expressed as volume fraction percentage.

Volumes

Summary graphs with volumes of clinkers/SCMs, hydrates, capillary water, gel water and Chemical Shrinkage as a function of the lead variable.

Y-axis - Normalized to 100 g binder

Y-axis - Expressed as volume fraction

Y-axis - Expressed as volume fraction percentage.

Examples

Tutorials

Blending OPC and GBFS along a reaction path

Benchmarks